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六级英语阅读真题练习1
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
Crying is hardly an activity encouraged by society. Tears, be they of sorrow, anger, or joy,typically make Americans feel uncomfortable and embarrassed. The shedder of tears is likelyto apologize, even when a devastating (毁灭性的) tragedy was the provocation. The observerof tears is likely to do everything possible to put an end to the emotional outpouring. Butjudging from recent studies of crying behavior, links between illness and crying and thechemical composition of tears, both those responses to tears are often inappropriate andmay even be counterproductive.
上海龙凤1314 shlf Humans are the only animals definitely known to shed emotional tears. Since evolution hasgiven rise to few, if any, purposeless physiological responses, it is logical to assume thatcrying has one or more functions that enhance survival.
Although some observers have suggested that crying is a way to elicit assistance from others(as a crying baby might from its mother), the shedding of tears is hardly necessary to get help.Vocal cries would have been quite enough, more likely than tears to gain attention. So, itappears, there must be something special about tears themselves.
上海龙凤1314 shlf Indeed, the new studies suggest that emotional tears may play a direct role in alleviatingstress. University of Minnesota researchers who are studying the chemical composition oftears have recently isolated two important chemicals from emotional tears. Both chemicalsare found only in tears that are shed in response to emotion. Tears shed because ofexposure to cut onion would contain no such substance.
Researchers at several other institutions are investigating the usefulness of tears as a means ofdiagnosing human ills and monitoring drugs.
上海龙凤1314 shlf At Tulane University’s Teat Analysis Laboratory Dr. Peter Kastl and his colleagues report thatthey can use tears to detect drug abuse and exposure to medication (药物), to determinewhether a contact lens fits properly of why it may be uncomfortable, to study the causes of“dry eye” syndrome and the effects of eye surgery, and perhaps even to measure exposureto environmental pollutants.
At Columbia University Dr. Liasy Faris and colleagues are studying tears for clues to thediagnosis of diseases away from the eyes. Tears can be obtained painlessly without invading thebody and only tiny amounts are needed to perform highly refined analyses.
六级英语阅读真题练习
31. It is known from the first paragraph that ________.
A) shedding tears gives unpleasant feelings to American
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) crying may often imitate people or even result in tragedy
C) crying usually wins sympathy from other people
上海龙凤1314 shlf D) one who sheds tears in public will be blamed(A)
上海龙凤1314 shlf 32. What does “both those responses to tears” (Line 5, Para, 1) refer to?
A) Crying out of sorrow and shedding tears for happiness.
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) The embarrassment and unpleasant sensation of the observers.
C) The tear shedder’s apology and the observer’s effort to stop the crying.
D) Linking illness with crying and finding the chemical composition of tears.(C)
上海龙凤1314 shlf 33. “Counterproductive” (Lines 5, Para, 1) very probably means “________”.
A) having no effect at all
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) leading to tension
C) producing disastrous impact
上海龙凤1314 shlf D) harmful to health(D)
上海龙凤1314 shlf 34. What does the author say about crying?
A) It is a pointless physiological response to the environment.
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) It must have a role to play in man’s survival.
C) It is meant to get attention and assistance.
D) It usually produces the desired effect.(B)
上海龙凤1314 shlf 35. What can be inferred from the new studies of tears?
上海龙凤1314 shlf A) Emotional tears have the function of reducing stress.
B) Exposure to excessive medication may increase emotional tears.
C) Emotional tears can give rise to “dry eye” syndrome in some cases.
D) Environmental pollutants can induce the shedding of emotional tears.
六级英语阅读真题练习答案
上海龙凤1314 shlf 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. A
六级英语阅读真题练习1
It is no secret among athletes that in order to improve performance you’ve got to work hard.
However, hard training breaks you down and makes you weaker, it is rest that makes youstronger.
上海龙凤1314 shlf Improvement only occurs during the rest period following hard training. This adaptation isaccomplished by improving efficiency of the heart and certain systems within the musclecells.
上海龙凤1314 shlf During recovery periods these systems build to greater levels to compensate for the stressthat you have applied. The result is that you are now at a higher level of performance.
上海龙凤1314 shlf If sufficient rest is not included in a training program, imbalance between excess trainingand inadequate rest will occur, and performance will decline. The “overtraining syndrome(综合症)” is the name given to the collection of emotional, behavioral, and physical symptomsdue to overtraining that has persisted for weeks to months. It is marked by cumulativeexhaustion that persists even after recovery periods.
The most common symptom is fatigue. This may limit workouts and may be present at rest.The athletes may also become moody, easily imitated, have altered sleep patterns, becomedepressed, or lose the competitive desire and enthusiasm for the sport. Some will reportdecreased appetite and weight loss. Physical symptoms include persistent muscular soreness,increased frequency of viral (病毒性的) illnesses, and increased incidence of injuries.
The treatment for the overtraining syndrome is rest. The longer the overtraining has occurred,the more rest required, therefore, early detection is very important. If the overtraining hasonly occurred for a short period of time (e.g. 3-4 weeks) then interrupting training for 3-5 daysis usually sufficient rest. It is important that the factors that lead to overtraining be identifiedand corrected. Otherwise, the overtraining syndrome is likely to recur. The overtrainingsyndrome should be considered in any athlete who manifests symptoms of prolonged fatigueand whose performance has leveled off or decreased. It is important to exclude anyunderlying illness that may be responsible for the fatigue.
六级英语阅读真题练习
上海龙凤1314 shlf 36. The first paragraph of the passage tells us that ________.
上海龙凤1314 shlf A) the harder an athlete trains, the better his performance will be
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) rest after vigorous training improves an athlete’s performance
C) strict systematic training is essential to an athlete’s top performance
上海龙凤1314 shlf D) improvement of an athlete’s performance occurs in the course of training
37. By “overtraining” the author means ________.
A) a series of physical symptoms that occur after training
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) undue emphasis on the importance of physical exertion
C) training that is not adequately compensated for by rest
D) training that has exceeded an athlete’s emotional limits
38. What does the passage tell us about the “overtraining” syndrome?
A) It occurs when athletes lose interest in sports.
B) It appears right after a hard training session.
C) The fatigue it results in is unavoidable in the athlete’s training process.
D) It manifests itself in fatigue which lingers even after a recovery period
39. What does the phrase “level off” (Line 5, Para. 4) most probably mean?
A) Slow down.
B) Become dull.
上海龙凤1314 shlf C) Stop improving.
上海龙凤1314 shlf D) Be on the decline
上海龙凤1314 shlf 40. The author advises at the end of the passage that ________.
A) overtraining syndrome should be treated as a serious illness
上海龙凤1314 shlf B) overtraining syndrome should be prevented before it occurs
C) an athlete with overtraining syndrome should take a lengthy rest
D) illness causing fatigue should not be mistaken for overtraining syndrome
六级英语阅读真题练习答案
上海龙凤1314 shlf 36. B 37. C 38. D 39. C 40. D