克莱代表作《人类知识原理》中的观念探析论文

时间：2021-07-01 18:30:57 论文范文我要投稿

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　　中文摘要

克莱代表作《人类知识原理》中的观念探析论文

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　观念是贝克莱哲学中的两大范畴之一。长期以来我国学术界对于贝克莱哲学缺乏确切的了解，多数人因为贝克莱哲学中“存在就是被感知”这一命题而将其哲学简单地归为主观唯心主义，而忽视其哲学中的合理性因素。本文主要通过对贝克莱早期哲学的代表作《人类知识原理》中的观念进行探析，指出贝克莱早期的.反抽象观念论是坚守洛克经验主义立场的必然结果。而其后期由于受柏拉图和亚里士多德以及笛卡尔思想的影响转变为理性主义立场。在后期着作当中，他放弃了“观念”而用“表象”一词取而代之，由此体现出他的哲学中知识论的变化。

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　本文通过对文本的重读和对观念这一概念的研究探析其前后期哲学思想的变化，得出结论：贝克莱经历了经验主义和唯理主义立场转变，但仍然是一位前后一致的客观唯心论者。

　　关键词：观念，精神，上帝，唯心主义

　　Abstract

　　“Idea” is one of the two major categories in Berkeley's philosophy. For a longtime, his ideas were misunderstood by Chinese scholars. Many people simplyascribed his philosophy to subjective idealism by his proposition “To be is to beperceived”, they also ignored the rational factors in his philosophy. By analyzing the“idea” in The Principle of Human Knowledge, this essay holds that Berkeley's earlyattitude against the Abstract is the inevitable result from his sticking to John Lock'sempiricism. And therefore we can not classify his theory into subjective idealism.

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　Being greatly influenced by Plato, Aristotle and Descartes, Berkeley gave up “idea”and replaced it with “appearance” in his late life and changed the theory of knowledge.

　　By carefully rereading his text and reanalyzing the concept of idea, the essayconcludes that he translated from empiricism to rationalism, but Berkeley was still aconstant objective idealist.

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　Keyword:idea, spirit, God, idealism

　　目录

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　一、引言

　　1.1 选题意义与研究价值

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　1.2 文献综述与研究现状

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　1.2.1 国内研究现状

　　1.2.2 国外研究现状

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　二、贝克莱生平及思想背景

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　2.1 贝克莱的生平

　　2.2 贝克莱哲学的数学背景

　　2.3《视觉新论》中阐发的哲学和心理学思想

上海龙凤1314 shlf　　三、贝克莱哲学观念论的理路